Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Designing of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Suitable for Organic Growth of Iranian Airlines Company

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Faculty of management and accounting, Farabi College, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
2 faculty of management
3 Entrepreneurship Faculty, Tehran University,Tehran
10.22034/qjimdo.2020.199433.1185
Abstract
Aviation Industry consider as an Engine of Sustainable Development in Economic, Social, Political and cultural Aspect of Countries. In this Study we are trying to Design an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem supporting Growth of Airlines and seeking answering this question: What are the characterizes of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Suitable for Growth of Iranian Airline? We adopted a qualitative approach in this study. With choosing of descriptive attitude that all data hasn’t been manipulated. Entrepreneurial Ecosystem texts together with the results of interviews with experts who were informed in Airlines business analyzed. We Recognized 13 main Emergence aspects of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and providing contribution to this concept by Identification distinct aspects and associated construction such as Authority, Role of Government, Corporate Management and Knowledge Management. Passing the mimicry of famous entrepreneurial Ecosystem for achieving particular and unique format is essential step for well-knowing of this concept. Passing the mimicry of famous entrepreneurial Ecosystem for achieving particular and unique format is essential step for well-knowing of this concept and Facilities meeting requirement of elaborating of comprehensive model of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem.
Keywords

امیران، حیدر و کاشف آذر، رامین.(1390). ارائه مدل موفقیت شرکت‌های هواپیمایی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز دانشگاه آزاد.
جعفری نیا، سعید، نور علی، محمد رضا و رزم آرا، توران.(1398). بررسی تأثیر گرایش به کارآفرینی و قابلیت‌های پویا بر عملکرد شرکت با نقش میانجی‌گری دوسوتوانی. فصلنامه مدیریت نوآوری در سازمان‌های دفاعی،2(3)،119-142
زاهدی، محمدرضا، کریمی، محمدحسین و دهقانی، مریم.(1398). بررسی، شناسایی و اولویت بندی ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های سرمایه فکری در سازمان‌های فناوری محور. فصلنامه مدیریت نوآوری در سازمان‌های دفاعی،2(3)،61-88
Acs, Z. J., Stam, E., Audretsch, D. B., & O’Connor, A. (2017). The lineages of the entrepreneurial ecosystem approach. Small Business Economics, 49(1), 1-10.
Alzahrani, S., & Bach, C. (2014). Impact of Social Media on Personality Development. International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research, 3(2), 111-116.
Ardishvili, A., Cardozo, S., Harmon, S., & Vadakath, S. (1998). Towards a theory of new venture growth. Paper presented at the Babson entrepreneurship research conference, Ghent, Belgium.
Auerswald, P. (2015). Enabling entrepreneurial ecosystems. In D. Audretsch, A. Link, & M. L Walsok (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of local competitiveness, 4(1),54–83.
Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., & Wright, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context. Research policy, 43(7), 1097-1108.
Birks, M., Ysanne Chapman, R., & FACMHN, B. (2014). Doing grounded theory: Experiences from a study on designing undergraduate nursing curricula in Australia.
Brown, R., & Mason, C. (2012). Raising the batting average: Re-orientating regional industrial policy to generate more high growth firms. Local Economy, 27(1), 33-49.
Brown, R. & Mason, S. (2014). The Geography of Growth in High Growth Firms: The Implications of ‘Growing Abroad’, School of Management Working Paper, University of St Andrews.
Bohm, A. (2004). Theoretical Coding: Text Analysis in Grounded Theory A Companion to Qualitative Research: Sage Publication, London.
Boschma, R. (2017). Relatedness as driver behind regional diversification: A research agenda. Regional Studies,4(2),32-54.
Coad, A. (2007). Firm Growth: A Survey Papers on Economics and Evolution 2007-03. Max Planck Institute of Economics, Evolutionary Economics Group.
Cooke, P., Gomez Uranga., M and Etxebarria, G. (1997). Regional innovation systems: institutional and organisational dimensions, Research Policy, 26(4-5), 475-491.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory: Sage Publications, Inc.
Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative research and research design: Choosing among five traditions. London: Thousand Oaks.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches: Sage publications Thousand Oaks, CA,.
Dasig Jr, D. (2014). A frontier in organizational and business process innovation in service management through lean six sigma Kaizen project implementation. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 3(6), 263-283.
Davidsson, P (1995). Culture, structure and regional levels of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 7 (1), 41-62.
Davidsson, P., Delmar, F., & Wiklund, J. (2006). Entrepreneurship and the Growth of Firms: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Delmar, F., Davidsson, P., & Gartner, W. B. (2003). Arriving at the high-growth firm. Journal of Business venturing, 18(2), 189-216.
De Vasconcelos Gomes, L. A., Facin, A. L. F., Salerno, M. S., & Ikenami, R. K. (2018). Unpacking the innovation ecosystem construct: Evolution, gaps and trends. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136(1), 30-48.
Doganis, R. (2006). The airline business, Stanford: Psychology Press.
Feld, B. (2012). Startup communities: Building an entrepreneurial ecosystem in your city. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.
Feldman, M P (2001) .The entrepreneurial event revisited: firm formation in a regional context, Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(4) 861‐891.
Gilbert, Brett. Anitra., McDougall, Patricia. P.Audretsch, David. B. (2006). New Venture Growth: A Review and Extension", Journal of Management, 32 (6), 926-950.
Giovannini, E. (2019). BUILDING AN ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM. Community Colleges as Incubators of Innovation: Unleashing Entrepreneurial Opportunities for Communities and Students.
Glaser, B. G. (1998). Doing grounded theory: Issues and discussions: Sociology Press.
Harrison, R. and Leitch, C. (2010) Voodoo Institution or Entrepreneurial University? Spin-Off Companies, the Entrepreneurial System and Regional Development in the UK, Regional Studies, 44, 1241-1262.
Hielema, L. (2013). Connecting Entrepreneurs to Success: Optimizing an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Orlando: Regional Chamber of Commerce.
Isenberg, D (2010). The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economy policy: principles for cultivating entrepreneurship, Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, Babson College, Babson Park: MA.
Isenberg, D. (2013). Worthless, Impossible and Stupid: How Contrarian Entrepreneurs Create and Capture Extraordinary Value: Harvard Business Review Press, Cambridge, MA.
Levie, J. (1997). Patterns of growth and performance: an empirical study of young, growing ventures in France, Ireland and Scotland. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research,4(1), 419-430.
Kolvereid, L. (1992). ‘Growth aspirations among Norwegian entrepreneurs’.Journal of Business Venturing, 7(1), 209–22.
Leitch, C., Hill, F., & Neergaard, H. (2010). Entrepreneurial and business growth and the quest for a “comprehensive theory”: tilting at windmills? entrepreneurship theory and practice, 34(2), 249-260.
Leitch, C., Hill, F., & Neergaard, H. (2010). Entrepreneurial and business growth and the quest for a “comprehensive theory”: tilting at windmills? entrepreneurship theory and practice, 34(2), 249-260.
Lockett, A., & Wright, M. (2005). Resources, capabilities, risk capital and the creation of university spin-out companies. Research policy, 34(7), 1043-1057.
Mack, E., & Mayer, H. (2016). The evolutionary dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Urban Studies, 53(10), 2118-2133.
McKelvie, A., & Wiklund, J. (2010). Advancing firm growth research: A focus on growth mode instead of growth rate. entrepreneurship theory and practice, 34(2), 261-288.
Malecki, E. J. (2011). Connecting local entrepreneurial ecosystems to global innovation networks: open innovation, double networks and knowledge integration. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 14(1), 36-59.
Malecki, E. J. (2018). Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Geography Compass, 12(3), 123-159.
Mason, C., & Brown, R. (2014). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship. Paris: OECD.
March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization science, 2(1), 71-87.
Mayer, H. (2013). Entrepreneurship in a hub-and-spoke industrial district: Firm survey evidence from Seattle's technology industry. Regional Studies, 47(10), 1715-1733.
McKelvie, A., & Wiklund, J. (2010). Advancing firm growth research: A focus on growth mode instead of growth rate. entrepreneurship theory and practice, 34(2), 261-288.
Moore, J. F. (1993). Predators and prey: A new ecology of competition. Harvard Business Review, 71(3), 75–86.
Neck, H. M., Meyer, G. D., Cohen, B., & Corbett, A. C. (2004). An entrepreneurial system view of new venture creation. Journal of small business management, 42(2), 190-208.
Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Radhakrishna, M. H., & Goud, P. N. (2019). A study on Understanding the Recent Trends in Indian Start-Up Ecosystem. Journal of the Gujarat Research Society, 21(5), 191-203.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1947). Theoretical problems of economic growth. The Journal of Economic History, 7(S1), 1-9.
Sexton, J. M. (2012). College students' conceptions of the role of rivers in canyon formation. Journal of Geoscience Education, 60(2):168-178.
Shane, S. (2009). Why encouraging more people to become entrepreneurs is bad public policy. Small Business Economics, 33(2), 141-149.
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2001). Entrepreneurship as a field of research: A response to Zahra and Dess, Singh, and Erikson. Academy of management review, 26(1), 13-16.
Spigel, B. (2016). Developing and governing entrepreneurial ecosystems: the structure of entrepreneurial support programs in Edinburgh, Scotland. International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, 7(2), 141-160.
Spilling, O. R. (1996). The entrepreneurial system: On entrepreneurship in the context of a mega-event. Journal of Business Research, 36(1), 91-103.
Stam, E (2013). Entrepreneurial_Ecosystem.NL: miracle or paradox. Presentation to OECD LEED Programme Workshop on Entrepreneurial ecosystems and Growth-oriented entrepreneurship, The Hague, 7 November.
Stam, E. (2015). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: a sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1759-1769.
Storey, D.J. (1994). Understanding the small business sector. London: Routledge.Thomas, K.M. & Mathieu, J.E. (1994). Role of causal attributions in dynamic selfregulation and goal processes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 812–818
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques: Sage publications Thousand Oaks, CA.
Strauss, W. A. (2007). Partial differential equations: An introduction: John Wiley & Sons.
Van de Ven, A. (1993). Predicting new venture survival:: An analysis of. Journal of Business venturing, 8(3), 211-230.
Venkataraman, S. (1997). The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research. Seminal ideas for the next twenty-five years of advances, 5-20.
Vermeulen, F., & Barkema, H. 2002. Pace, rhythm, and scope: Process dependence inbuilding a profitable multinational corporation. Strategic Management Journal,23 (7): 637-653
Wiklund, J. (1998). Small firm growth and performance. Jonkoping, Sweden:Jonkoping International Business School.
Zahra, S. A., & Wright, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship's next act. Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(4), 67-83.
Zahra, S. A., Wright, M., & Abdelgawad, S. G. (2014). Contextualization and the advancement of entrepreneurship research. International Small Business Journal, 32(5), 479–500.