Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Presenting the model of proactivity of managers based on their individual characteristics using fuzzy inference system (FIS)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Ph.D. of Public Administration, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Public Administration, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3 2. Professor of Public Administration, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran (Corresponding Author)
4 Associate Professor of Public Administration, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
5 Associate Professor of IT, University of Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the role of the proactivity of managers in improving the organization's performance in dynamic situations, the purpose of this research is to present a model for the proactivity of police officers based on their individual characteristics.
Methodology: Research is objective, developmental, and in terms of nature, descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research includes academic and organizational experts. Data were collected using two questionnaires. Fuzzy inference system was used to design the research model using MATLAB software.
Results: Regarding to the fact that the score of personality traits is 8.8, internal motivation is 4.7 and behavioral characteristics 8, the definite score for the manager's proactivity is 8.72.
Conclusion: Internal motivation, personality traits and behavioral characteristics were identified as individual attributes of the proactivity of police officers. The severity of these factors is directly related to the managers' proactivity intensity. Personality traits have the greatest impact on the proactivity of police officers.
Keywords

الوانی، سید مهدی. (1380). مدیریت عمومی. تهران: انتشارات نشر نی.
جعفری سوق، عالمه و شهبازی، حامد. (1394). مروری بر الگوریتم‌های استنتاج فازی. چهارمین کنفرانس ملی ایده‌های نو در مهندسی برق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان.
رحمانی، حامد، موسی خانی مرتضی و معمارزاده طهران، غلامرضا. (1394). سیستم پیش بینی کننده استنتاج فازی حکمرانی خوب در مبارزه با فساد اداری. رسالت مدیریت دولتی، 5 (14)، 12-1.
رضایی کلیدبری، حمیدرضا. (1397). ارائه مدل ارزیابی عملکرد نیروی انسانی با استفاد از سیستم استنتاج فازی. تحقیق در عملیات در کاربردهای آن. 15 (4)، 95-79.
رهنورد، فرج اله. (1391). معماری نظام اداری در پرتو سیاست‌های کلی ابلاغی. مدیریت توسعه و تحول، 10، 22-15.
Ahmad A. & Omar, Z. (2015). Improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Spirituality and Work Engagement. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(3), pp. 200-207.
Bindl, U.K., & Parker, S.K. (2010). Proactive work behavior: Forward-thinking and changeoriented action in organizations. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Washington.
Bateman, T.S. & Crant, J.M. (1999). Proactive behavior: Meanings, impact, and recommendations. Business Horizons, 42(3), pp. 63-70.
Bateman, T.S. & Crant, J.M. (1993). The Proactive Component of Organizational Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), pp. 103-118.
Batistic, S.; Cerne, M.; Kase, R. & Zupic, I. (2016). The role of organizational context in fostering employee proactive behavior: The interplay between HR system configurations and relational climates. European Management Journal, 34, pp. 579-588.
Burton, K. (2012). A Study of Motivation: How to Get Your Employees Moving. SPEA Honors Thesis, Indiana University.
Crant, J.M. (1995). The Proactive Personality Scale and Object Job Performance among Real Estate Agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(4), pp. 532-537.
Crant, J.M. & Bateman, T.S. (2000). Charismatic leadership viewed from above: the impact of proactive personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, pp. 63-75.
Cameron, K. (2012). Creative Careers and Self-actualization. Honors Theses, University of New Hampshire.
Carson, K.; Baker, D. & Lanier, P. (2014). The role of individual cultural traits and proactivity in an organizational setting. Management Research Review, 37(4), pp. 348-366.
Chen, H. (2013). The Relationship Between Psychological Capital and Proactive Career Behavior of Chinese White Collar Workers in Their Early Career. Department of Economics, Osaka University.
DuBrin, A. (2014). Proactive Personality and Behaviour for Individual and Organizational Productivity. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 28(4), pp. 15-30.
Furfari, A. & Caggiano,V. (2012). ssessment of business skills experimental study: aspects and personality traits. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 1(4), pp. 213-221.
Grant, A.M., & Ashford, S.J. (2008). The dynamics of proactivity at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, pp. 3-34.
Hillson, D. (1999). Risk and Faith: Contradictory or Complimentary?. faith in business quarterly, 3(2), pp. 8-12.
Horng, J.; Tsai, Ch.Y.; Yang, T.C.; Liu, Ch.H. & Hu, D.Ch. (2016). Exploring the relationship between proactive personality, work environment and employee creativity among tourism and hospitality employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 54, pp. 25–34.
Kara, S .& Gunes, D. (2017). Relationship Between Implicit Leadership and Proactive Behaviors of School Principals. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(3), pp. 78-88.
Jiang, Z. (2017). Proactive personality and career adaptability: The role of thriving at work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, pp. 85–97.
Lien, L.; Steggell, C. and Iwarsson, S. (2015). Adaptive Strategies and Person-Environment Fit among Functionally Limited Older Adults Aging in Place: A Mixed Methods Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(5), pp. 11954-11974.
Lin, Z. & Carley, k. (1993). Proactive or Reactive: An Analysis of the Effect of Agent Style on Organizational Decision making Performance. Intelligent system in accounting finance and management, 2, pp. 271-283.
Mingaleva, Z. (2013). Ethical Principles in Consulting. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, pp. 1740–1744.
Parker, S., & Collins, C. (2010). Taking stock: Integrating and differentiating multiple proactive behaviors. Journal of Management, 36(3), pp. 633-663.
Parker, S. & ‌ Bindl, U. (2016). Proactivity at Work: Making Things Happen in Organizations. Taylor & Francis publisher.
Parker, S. K.; Bindl, U. & Strauss, K. (2010). Proactivity in the workplace: Advances. synthesis and future directions, Journal of Management, 36, pp. 827-856.
Prabhu, V. (2013). Proactive Personality and Career Future: Testing a Conceptual Model and Exploring Potential Mediators and Moderators. American Journal of Management, 13(1), pp. 11-31.
Searle, T.P. (2011). A Multilevel Examination of Proactive Work Behaviors: Contextual and Individual Differences as Antecedents. Theses, Dissertations, & Student Scholarship: Agricultural Leadership, Education & Communication Department. Paper 20.
Schmitt, A.; Hartog, D. & Belschak, F. (2016). Transformational leadership and proactive work ehavior: A moderated mediation model including work engagement and job strain. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(3), pp. 10-25.
Tazegul, u. (2017). The determination of the relationship between the athletes’ personality traits and their positive thinking level. European Journal of Education Studies, 3(2), pp. 168-176.
Unsworth, K.L. & Parker, Sh. (2003). Proactivity and Innovation: Promoting a New Workforce for the New Workplace. In D. Holman, T.D. Wall, C. Clegg, P. Sparrow, and A. Howard (Eds), The New Workplace: People, Technology and Organization. A Handbook and Guide to the Human Impact of Modern Working Practices Chichester, John Wiley & Sons.
Xiong, L. & King, C. (2018). Too much of a good thing? Examining how proactive personality affects employee brand performance under formal and informal organizational support. Journal of Hospitality Management, 68, pp. 12-22.
Yang, K.; Yan, X.; & Luo, Z. (2017). Leader-follower congruence in proactive personality & work engagement: A polynomial regression analysis. Personality & Individual Difference, 105, pp. 43-46.
Wu, C.H. & Parker, S.K. (2013). Thinking and Acting in Anticipation: A Review of Research on Proactive Behavior. Advances in Psychological Science, 21(4), pp. 679–700.