Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

A Model for Identifying the Dimensions of the Complexity of Technological Mega Projects

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
saeed Abdollahi Khoshmardan 1
Manouchehr Manteghi 2
Abbas Khamseh 3
1 PhD candidate, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management & Economics, Science and ‎Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran‎
2 Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Maleke Ashtar University of Technology, ‎Tehran, Iran‎
3 Associate Prof., Faculty of industrial Management, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
10.22034/qjimdo.2022.323737.1476
Abstract
Background & Purpose: Today, technological Mega projects are considered to achieve complex products and systems (CoPs). Identifying and managing complexity is important in the successful performance of Mega-projects. Therefore, in this research, the dimensions, components and indicators of complexity in technological Mega projects have been identified.
Methodology: This research is exploratory in terms of its purpose, and in terms of its use, it is an applied research in which the qualitative research method and meta-composite research strategy are used.At first, 210 authentic Persian and English scientific texts were identified and extracted between 2007-2020, and finally 45 articles and theses titles were used to analyze the selection and validity of the research using the Glynn tool and Kappa index for reliability.
Findings: After studying the sources and initial coding, the main and central categories of complexity in technological Mega project were categorized and the relationships between the dimensions of complexity were determined with MaxQDA software. Based on the data analysis, the pattern of complexity dimensions in technological Mega project includes four technological dimensions (hard and soft), structure (tasks, resources, procurement and time), environment (geographic location of the project, political, economic, social and cultural) and uncertainty ( uncertainty and dynamics).
Conclusion: Due to the importance of technological complexity in technological Mega project, it is recommended to those involved to identify and monitor the continuous technologies of this field in order to identify the weak signs of technological changes.
Keywords
Complexity of projects
complex products and systems
technological Mega -projects
meta-combined approach
خدایاری،  علی؛  خنیفر،  حسین؛  محمدی،  مهدی و  یزدانی،  حمیدرضا. (1398). چارچوب تحلیل قابلیت‌های فناورانه در محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده دفاعی. مدیریت نوآوری در سازمان‌های دفاعی، 2(2) ،135-164
کاظم زاده،  علی؛  منطقی،  منوچهر؛ طلوعی اشلقی،  عباس و  جدی،  جهانگیر. (1400). مدل‌سازی چالش‌های نوآوری در توسعه محصولات پیچیده هوافضایی. مدیریت نوآوری در سازمان‌های دفاعی، 4(1) ،53-78
حافظ نیا، محمدرضا.(1395) مقدمه ای بر روش و تحقیق در علوم انسانی، تهران، سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه‌ها (سمت).
محقر، علی؛ جعفرنژاد، احمد؛ مدرس یزدی، محمد؛ صادقی مقدم، محمدرضا.(1392). ارائه الگوی جامع هماهنگی اطلاعاتی شبکه تأمین خودروسازی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب. مجله مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات،161،4-194 .
صفدری رنجبر، مصطفی؛ رحمان سرشت، حسین؛ منطقی، منوچهر؛ قاضی نوری، سید سروش.(1395). پیشران‌های کسب و ایجاد قابلیت‌های فناورانه ساخت محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده در بنگاه‌های متأخر، مطالعه موردی شرکت توربوکمپرسور نفت(OTC)، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی مدیریت نوآوری، 5، 26-1.
اثنی عشری، امین؛ قیدرخلجانی، جعفر؛ کریمی گوارشکی، محمدحسین .(1399). سه‏ گانه قابلیت، عدم قطعیت و پیچیدگی در پروژه‌های توسعه محصولات و سامانه‏‌های پیچیده. مدیریت نوآوری، 1 (9)، 59-99.
کاظم زاده، علی؛ منطقی، منوچهر؛ طلوعی اشلقی، عباس؛ جدی، جهانگیر.(1399) شناسایی و مدلسازی شاخص‌های موثر در طراحی فرایند توسعه محصولات پیچیده هوافضایی. مدیریت نوآوری، 3 (9) 37-78.
عزیزی، مجتبی؛ مقدم، عادله.(1395). ارائه الگویی برای مدیریت پروژههای توسعه فناوری در صنعت نفت و گاز ایران. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی مدیریت نوآوری، ۱ (۵) 103-128.
طهماسبی، سیامک؛ فرتوک‌زاده، حمیدرضا؛ بوشهری، علیرضا؛ طبائیان، سیدکمال؛ قیدر خلجانی، جعفر. (1395). مراحل شکل‌گیری و توسعه قابلیت‌های فناورانه، مطالعه یک سازمان صنعتی صنایع دریایی. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی سیاست علم و فناوری، ۴ (۸) 19-33.‎
کاسه‌گرها، مهدی؛ تقی پوریان، محمد جواد؛ گیلانی پور، جواد؛ مختاری، مهران. (1400) واکاوی عوامل تقویت‌کننده بازاریابی کارآفرینانه: مروری نظامند با تکنیک فراترکیب. مدیریت نوآوری در سازمان‌های دفاعی، 4(3) 47-68 .
Azim,S. (2011). Understanding and Managing Project Complexity. The University of Manchester (United Kingdom).
Baccarini, D. (1996). The Concept of Project Complexity—A Review. International Journal of Project Management, 14, 201-204.
Bosch-Rekveldt, M; Jongkind, Y; Mooi, H; Bakker, H; and Verbraeck, A. (2011). Grasping Project Complexity in Large Engineering Projects: The TOE (Technical, Organizational and Environmental) Framework. International Journal of Project Management, 29(6), 728-739.
Brockmann, C; and Girmscheid, G. (2007). Complexity of Megaprojects. In CIB World Building Congress: Construction for Development: 14-17 May 2007, Cape Town International Convention Centre, South Africa ,219-230.
Becker, M. C; and F. Zirpoli (2017). How to Avoid Innovation Competence loss in R&D outsourcing, California Management Review, 592, 24-44
Catalano, A. (2013). Patterns of Graduate Students' Information Seeking Behavior: A Metasynthesis of The Literature. Journal of Documentation, (69)2, 243-274.
Chantal C. Cantarelli (2020). Innovation in Megaprojects and The Role of Project Complexity. Production Planning and Control, 1-14.
Corbin, J; and Strauss, A. (2008). Strategies for Qualitative Data Analysis. Basics of Qualitative Research. Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory,  SAGE Publications, Inc.
Dedehayir, O. T; Nokelainen and S. J; Mäkinen (2014). Disruptive Innovations in Complex Product Systems Industries: A Case Study. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 33, 174-192.
Erol, H; Dikmen, I; Atasoy, G; and Birgonul, M. T. (2022). An Analytic Network Process Model for Risk Quantification of Mega Construction Projects. Expert Systems with Applications, 191, 116215.‏
Lu, Y; Luo, L; Wang, H; Le, Y; and Shi, Q. (2015). Measurement model of Project Complexity for Large-Scale Projects From Task and Organization Perspective. International Journal of Project Management, 33(3), 610-622.
Maylor, H. R; Turner, N. W; and Murray-Webster, R. (2013). How Hard Can It be?: Actively Managing Complexity in Technology Projects. Research-Technology Management, 56(4), 45-51
Mohseni, M; Tabassi, A. A; Kamal, E. M; Bryde, D. J. ; and Michaelides, R. (2019). Complexity Factors in Mega Projects: a literature review. European Proceedings of Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2(6), 54-67.
Merrow, E. W. (2011). Industrial Megaprojects : Concepts, Strategies, and Practices for Success. Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Nabawy, M. ; and Khodeir, L. M. (2020). A Systematic Review of Quantitative Risk Analysis in Construction of Mega Projects. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 11(4), 1403-1410.‏
Floricel, S. ; Michela, J. L. ; and Piperca, S. (2016). Complexity, Uncertainty-Reduction Strategies, and Project Performance. International Journal of Project Management, 34(7), 1360-1383.
Flyvbjerg, B. (2014). What You Should Know About Megaprojects and Why: An Overview. Project Management Journal, 45(2), 6-19.
Greiman, V. A. (2013). Megaproject Management: Lessons on Risk and Project Management From the Big Dig. John Wiley and Sons.
Geraldi,J. ; Maylor, H. ; Williams, T. (2011). A Systematic Review of The Complexities of Projects, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, (31)9, 966-990.
Geraldi, J. G. ; and Adlbrecht, G. (2007). On Faith, Fact, and Interaction in Projects. Project Management Journal, 38(1), 32-43.
Glynn. Lindsay, (2006). A Critical Appraisal Tool for Library and Information Research, Library Hi Tech ( 24 ) 3, 387-399.
Hanisch, B. ; and Wald, A. (2014). Effects of Complexity on The Success of Temporary Organizations: Relationship Quality and Transparency As Substitutes for Formal Coordination Mechanisms. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 30(2), 197-213.
Kian Manesh Rad, E. ; Sun, M. ; and Bosché, F. (2017). Complexity for Megaprojects in The Energy Sector. Journal of Management in Engineering, 33(4), 04017009.
Khamseh, A. ; and Marei, P. (2020). Designing a Model Developed to Assess The Capabilities of Technological Innovation in Iranian Construction of Power Plant Equipment Industries. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 18(5), 1241-1249.‏
Jia, F., Xiang, P. ; and Chen, D. (2022). A Two-Dimensional Complexity Evaluation Model of Megaprojects Based on Structure and Attributes. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 101852.‏
Saldana, J. (2014). Coding and Analysis Strategies. In The Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research.
Simon, H. A. (1991). The Architecture of Complexity. Facets of Systems Science, 7, 457-476.
Siau, K; and Long, Y. (2005). Synthesizing E-Government Stage Models-A Metastnthesis Based on Meta-Ethnography Approach, Industrial Management and Data Systems,105(4),443-458.
Sandelowski, M. ; and Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative research Springer Publishing Company. New York.
Thomas, J. ; and Mengel, T. (2008). Preparing Project Managers to deal with complexity–Advanced Project Management Education. International journal of Project Management, 26(3), 304-315.
Turner, J. R; and Cochrane, R. A. (1993). Goals-and-Methods Matrix: Coping With Projects With Ill-Defined Goals and/or Methods of Achieving Them. International Journal of Project Management, 11, 93-102.
Whitty, S. J.(2009). Complex Project Management. International Journal of Project Management, 27, 304-310
Williams, T. (2002). Modelling Complex Projects, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Williams, T. M. (1999) The Need for New Paradigms for Complex Projects. International Journal of Project Management, 17, 269-273.