Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Innovation Management in Defensive Organizations

Modeling the challenges of innovation in the development of complex aerospace products

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
ali kazemzadeh 1
Manouchehr Manteghi 2
Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy 3
jahangir jodey 4
1 PHD student of Technology managment, Department of Economics and Management,Science And Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof. Malek Ashtar University of Technology
3 Prof. Faculty of Management and Economic, Science And Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Prof. Malek Ashtar University of Technology
10.22034/qjimdo.2020.229774.1303
Abstract
Background and Aim:  the most challenges issues with organizations that developing complex products is the uncertainty and ambiguity, The phenomena associated with these challenges are the limited knowledge and experience of identifying the growing complexities of products and the interaction of these phenomena. Therefore, this paper aims to identify and model the innovation challenges associated with the development of complex aerospace products
Methodology: The present research is applied in a practical, mixed-method way. Thus In the qualitative approach section through interviews and Fuzzy Delphi method from experts, the challenges of innovation of complex products were identified and in the quantitative section, using Structural Equation Modelling (PLS),  hypotheses were confirmed, modeling and explaining relationships were performed. 
findings: In this paper, complex product development challenges are categorized into three groups: complex product development risks, complex product development process characteristics, and complex products features, and Modeling fitted very well with the presence of relevant structures and markers. So The results of the paper show that the complex products features have a positive, direct and significant effect on product development risks and development process characteristics. Also, the development process characteristics have a positive, direct and significant effect on product development risks. And more important result is that, the development process characteristics as a mediator affect the relationship between the complex products features and the product development risks. .
Conclusion: Considering the directly effect of development process characteristics on development risks of complex products and also the mediating role of development process characteristics in the impact of features of complex product on complex products development risks, so the role of development process characteristics in process configuration and structure is important..
Keywords
"Complex products
Complex product innovation
Complex product development
Structural equations modeling"
آذر، عادل. فرجی حجت. (1389). علم مدیریت فازی، تهران. انتشارات کتاب مهربان نشر.
داوری، علی. رضازاده، آرش. (1392). مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با نرم‌افزار نمونه‌سازی معادلات ساختاری PLS. تهران: انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی.
Cheng, C.H. and Lin, Y. (2002), Evaluating the Best Main Battle Tank Using Fuzzy Decision Theory with Linguistic Criteria Evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research.Vol,142. No1,174-186.
Chin, W. (1998), Issues And Opinion On Structural Equation Modeling, MIS Quarterly, Vol, 22. No.1, 7-16.
Cooper, R.G. and Elko, J. Kleinschmidt. (1999), New Product Processes at Leading Industrial Firms in IBM-3M-GM-Northen Telecom-Emerson Electrics.
Crawley, E. Cameron, B. and Selva, D. (2015), System Architecture – Strategy and Product Development for Complex Systems, Hoboken, Prentice Hall.
Davies, A.and Hobday,M.(2005), The Business of Projects; Managing Innovation in Complex Products and Systems, New York, Cambridge University press.
Drarian,W.U. and Eppinger,S.D.(2011), Improving Product Development Process Design: a Method for Managing Information Flows, Risks, and Iterations. Journal of Engineering Design, Vol, 22. No,10, 689-699.
Darian,W.U. and Eppinger,S.D.(2009), Comparing Product Development Processes and Managing risk. International Journal of Product Development,Vol, 8.No, 4.
Elfving, S. (2007), Managing Collaborative Product Development. Department of Innovation Design and Product Development, Malardalen University Press Dissertations.
Eppinger, S.D. Daniel E. Whitney, Robert P. Smith, and David A. Gebala (1994), A Model-Based Method for Organizing Tasks in Product Development, Research in Engineering Design.Vol 6,1-13.
Fornel, C. & David Larcker. (1981), Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Algebra and statistic Journal of Marketing Research.
Habibi, A. Jahantigh, F. F. Sarafrazi.A. (2015), Fuzzy Delphi Technique for Forecasting and Screening Items. Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management.Vol. 5, No. 2, 130-143.
Hobday,M. (1998), Product Complexity, Innovation and Industrial Organisation. Research Policy, Vol 26, 689-710.
Hadi, Jaber. (2016), Modeling and Analysis of Propagation Risks in Complex Projects: Application to the Development of New Vehicles. Chemical and Process Engineering. Universit_e Paris-Saclay.
Henseler, J. Ringle, C. And Sinkovics, R. (2009), The Use Of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling In International Marketing. New Challenges To International Marketing, Vol. 20, 277-320.
Hulland, J. (1999). Use of Partial Least Squares (PLS) in Strategic Management Research: a Review of Four Recent Studies. Strategic Management Journal, vol,20. No, 2.195–204.
Hoo-Gon Choi,Seonmuk Park, Jongseong Kim. (2011),A Risk Management System Framework for New Product Development (NPD). IPEDR vol.4 © IACSIT Press, Singapore,51-55.
Keizer J.A, Halman I.M. (2009), Risks in Major Innovation Projects, a Multiple Case study Within a World’s Leading Company in the Fast Moving Consumer goods. Int. J. Technology Management, Vol, 48. No, 4.
Koen, P.A. Ajamian, G. Boyce, S. Clamen, A. Fisher, E. Fountoulakis, S. Johnson A. Puri. P. Seibert, R. (2002). Fuzzy-Front End: Effective Methods, Tools and Techniques, In P. Belliveau, A Griffen and S. Sorermeyer, eds. PDMA Toolbook for New Product Development. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2 -35.
Lai, C. (2010). Research on Non-linear Dynamics Correcting Mechanism of Complex Products and System.Advanced Materials Research. 113-116 and 679-684.
Mansor,N. Siti,N.Y. & Kazuhiro O. (2016), Risk Factors Affecting nwe Product Development (NPD) Perfoemance in Small Medium Enterprises (SMES). Aichi Institute of Technology (MotoyamaCampus), 1-38.
Martínez-Noya, A. and García-Canal, E. (2011). Technological Capabilities and the Decision to Outsource/Outsource Offshore R&D Services. International Business Review, Vol,20. No,3, 264-277.
Miller, R. Lessard, D. (2001), Understanding and Managing Risks in Large Engineering Projects. International Journal of Project Management. Vol, 19, 437–443.
Ramachandran, Natarajan, Noshir A. Langrana, Louis I. Steinberg, and Vakram R. J. (1992). Initial Design Strategies for Iterative Design. Research in Engineering Design Vol,4.159-169.
Ren,Ying Tao and Khim, Teck Yeo. (2011). Research Challenges on Complex Product Systems (CoPS) Innovation, 1-11.
Singh, K. (2007), Quantitative Social Research Methods, SAGE
Somerville, J. A. (2008). Effective Use of the Delphi Process in Research: Its Characteristics, Strengths, and Limitations.
Smith, Robert P. and Steven D. Eppinger. (1997). Identifying Controlling Features of Engineering Design Iteration. Management Science,Vol, 43.No,3, 276-293.
Thouser, J. M. de Visser. M. L. Ehrenhard. (2017). Risk Management of New Product Development. A Manual for SMEs 9th IBA Bachelor Thesis Conference. Enschede, The Netherlands.
Vu, M. Spinler, S.Huchzermeier, A. (2018).Risk Management in Complex New Product Development Projects – the Automotive Industry Perspective. WHU – Otto Beisheim School of Management.8-34.
Wetzels, M. Odekkerken-Schroder, G. Van Oppen, C. (2009). Using PLS Path Modeling for Assessing Hierarchical Construct Models. Guidelines and Empirical Illustration, MIS Quarterly.Vol,33.No, 1, 177.
Yeo k T,Yingtao Ren, (2014). Risk Management Capability Maturity Model for Complex Product Systems (CoPS) Projects.
Zavieh Seyyed Ghasem Salimi, Fekri Roxana, (2014). The Prioritization of the Risk Factors in the Processes of the New Product Development in the Iranian Automobile Industry with the FMEA Method and the SEM Analysis Model International Journal of Basic Sciences & Applied Research. Vol. 3 (SP), 299-311.